Real-world examples of prime and composite numbers explained simply

📚 Quick Study Guide

• 🔢 A prime number is a whole number greater than 1 that has only two divisors: 1 and itself.
• ➕ The first few prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, and 17.
• ➗ A composite number is a whole number greater than 1 that has more than two divisors.
• ✖️ The first few composite numbers are 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, and 12.
• 💡 The number 1 is neither prime nor composite.
• 🧐 Prime factorization is expressing a composite number as a product of its prime factors.
• 📐 Example: The prime factorization of 12 is $2 \times 2 \times 3$, or $2^2 \times 3$.

✍️ Practice Quiz

1. Which of the following is a prime number?
   1. 4
   2. 6
   3. 7
   4. 9
2. Which of the following is a composite number?
   1. 2
   2. 3
   3. 5
   4. 9
3. What is the prime factorization of 20?
   1. $2 \times 5$
   2. $4 \times 5$
   3. $2 \times 2 \times 5$
   4. $2 \times 10$
4. Is the number 15 prime or composite?
   1. Prime
   2. Composite
   3. Neither
   4. Both
5. Which of these real-world scenarios involves a prime number?
   1. Dividing 10 cookies among 5 friends.
   2. Arranging 7 chairs in a single row.
   3. Forming a rectangle with an area of 12 square units.
   4. Creating a square with an area of 9 square units.
6. Which of these numbers is NOT a factor of the composite number 24?
   1. 2
   2. 3
   3. 5
   4. 6
7. What is the smallest composite number?
   1. 1
   2. 2
   3. 3
   4. 4