๐ Topic Summary
Observable material properties are characteristics of matter that we can identify using our senses โ sight, touch, smell, and sometimes even hearing or taste (though tasting is generally not recommended in science experiments!). These properties help us describe and classify different materials. Some common observable properties include color, texture, hardness, transparency, and flexibility. By observing these properties, we can begin to understand how different materials behave and how they might be used.
Identifying these properties is a fundamental skill in science. It allows us to make informed decisions about which materials are best suited for specific purposes. For example, we use transparent glass for windows because we can see through it, and we use strong, hard steel for building structures.
๐งช Part A: Vocabulary
Match the following terms with their correct definitions:
| Term |
Definition |
| 1. Color |
A. The degree to which a material allows light to pass through it. |
| 2. Texture |
B. The resistance of a material to being scratched or dented. |
| 3. Hardness |
C. The visual attribute of an object resulting from the way the object reflects or emits light. |
| 4. Transparency |
D. The quality of a material that allows it to be bent or shaped without breaking. |
| 5. Flexibility |
E. The surface feel of a material (e.g., smooth, rough, bumpy). |
๐ Part B: Fill in the Blanks
Complete the following paragraph using the words provided: Shiny, Dull, Rough, Smooth, Opaque.
The surface of the metal pan was __________, reflecting the light brightly. In contrast, the surface of the old wooden table was __________, absorbing most of the light. The sandpaper felt __________ to the touch, while the glass was __________. An __________ object does not let light pass through it.
๐ค Part C: Critical Thinking
Describe three different materials you can find in your classroom or home. For each material, list at least three observable properties and explain how these properties might make the material useful for a specific purpose.