The change of state from solid to liquid is called melting or fusion. This process occurs when a solid absorbs heat, increasing the kinetic energy of its particles. When the particles gain enough energy to overcome the intermolecular forces holding them in a fixed arrangement, the solid transitions into a liquid. The temperature at which this happens is known as the melting point. Different substances have different melting points due to variations in their intermolecular forces. For example, ice melts at $0^{\circ}C$, while iron melts at $1538^{\circ}C$.
Match the terms with their definitions:
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. Melting Point | a. The state of matter with a fixed volume but no fixed shape. |
| 2. Fusion | b. The process of a solid changing to a liquid. |
| 3. Liquid | c. The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid. |
| 4. Solid | d. Heat absorbed during melting without changing temperature. |
| 5. Latent Heat of Fusion | e. The state of matter with a fixed shape and volume. |
When a solid absorbs _____, its particles gain _____. At the _____ point, the solid changes to a _____. This process is also known as _____. The amount of heat needed to change a solid to a liquid at its melting point is called the _____.
Explain why different solids have different melting points. Provide examples.
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