Transformers are essential devices that change AC voltage levels. The key to understanding them lies in the transformer equation, which relates the voltage ratio to the turns ratio of the primary and secondary coils. This relationship allows us to calculate voltage and current transformations, understanding step-up and step-down transformers.
The fundamental equation is:
$\frac{V_p}{V_s} = \frac{N_p}{N_s}$
Where: $V_p$ = Primary voltage, $V_s$ = Secondary Voltage, $N_p$ = Number of primary turns, and $N_s$ = Number of secondary turns.
Match the terms with their definitions:
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. Primary Coil | A. The coil that outputs the transformed voltage. |
| 2. Secondary Coil | B. A transformer that increases voltage. |
| 3. Step-Up Transformer | C. The coil connected to the input voltage source. |
| 4. Step-Down Transformer | D. A transformer that decreases voltage. |
| 5. Turns Ratio | E. The ratio of the number of turns in the primary coil to the number of turns in the secondary coil. |
Answers:
A transformer works on the principle of ____________________ induction. The ratio of primary voltage to secondary voltage is equal to the ____________________ ratio. In a step-down transformer, the secondary voltage is ____________________ than the primary voltage.
Answers:
Explain, in your own words, why transformers are essential for long-distance power transmission.
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