This lab activity explores the principle of conservation of momentum using projectile motion. We'll launch a projectile (like a ball) and observe how its momentum is transferred to a target when it collides. The total momentum of the system (projectile + target) *before* the collision should ideally equal the total momentum *after* the collision. Any differences can be attributed to factors like friction and air resistance.
By analyzing the projectile's launch velocity, mass, and the target's motion after impact, we can test the conservation of momentum in a practical, hands-on way. This helps solidify your understanding of fundamental physics concepts.
Match the following terms with their definitions:
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. Momentum | A. The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion. |
| 2. Projectile Motion | B. The motion of an object thrown or projected into the air, subject to only gravity and air resistance. |
| 3. Conservation of Momentum | C. A measure of mass in motion; calculated as mass times velocity. |
| 4. Impulse | D. The total momentum of a closed system remains constant if no external forces act on it. |
| 5. Inertia | E. The change in momentum of an object; force multiplied by the time the force acts. |
Match the term number to the definition letter. (e.g., 1-A, 2-B, etc.)
Complete the paragraph with the correct words from the word bank. (Word Bank: velocity, mass, conserved, collision, external)
In a closed system, the total momentum remains _________ if no _________ forces are acting. Momentum is calculated by multiplying an object's _________ by its _________. During a _________, momentum is transferred between objects.
Describe some real-world factors that might cause momentum to *not* be perfectly conserved in this projectile motion experiment. Be specific!
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