Examples of Acid-Base Titration Curves

📚 Quick Study Guide

• 🧪 Titration Curve Basics: A titration curve is a graph that plots the pH of a solution versus the volume of titrant added. It helps visualize the progress of an acid-base reaction.
• ⚗️ Equivalence Point: The point in a titration where the acid and base have completely neutralized each other. For strong acid-strong base titrations, the equivalence point pH is usually 7.
• 📊 Strong Acid-Strong Base Titration: Characterized by a sharp pH change near the equivalence point. The pH starts low, gradually increases, and then rapidly rises around the equivalence point.
• 🧪 Weak Acid-Strong Base Titration: Starts at a higher pH than strong acid titrations. The curve has a buffering region before the equivalence point, and the pH at the equivalence point is greater than 7.
• 📈 Weak Base-Strong Acid Titration: Starts at a lower pH than strong base titrations. The curve also has a buffering region before the equivalence point, and the pH at the equivalence point is less than 7.
• ⚗️ Half-Equivalence Point: The point where half of the weak acid or base has been neutralized. At this point, $pH = pK_a$ or $pOH = pK_b$.
• 🔢 Key Formulas:
  • $pH = -log[H^+]$
  • $pOH = -log[OH^-]$
  • $K_a = \frac{[H^+][A^-]}{[HA]}$
  • $K_b = \frac{[OH^-][HB^+]}{[B]}$

🧪 Practice Quiz

1. Which of the following describes the equivalence point in an acid-base titration?
   1. The point where the pH is always 7.
   2. The point where the acid and base are in equal molar amounts.
   3. The point where the indicator changes color.
   4. The point where the reaction rate is the fastest.
2. What is the typical pH at the equivalence point of a strong acid-strong base titration?
   1. Less than 7
   2. Equal to 7
   3. Greater than 7
   4. Depends on the concentration of the acid and base
3. Which type of titration curve exhibits a buffering region before the equivalence point?
   1. Strong acid-strong base
   2. Strong acid-strong acid
   3. Weak acid-strong base
   4. Strong base-strong base
4. At the half-equivalence point in a weak acid titration, what is the relationship between pH and pKa?
   1. pH > pKa
   2. pH < pKa
   3. pH = pKa
   4. pH = 7
5. What does a sharp vertical jump in pH on a titration curve usually indicate?
   1. The reaction is not proceeding correctly.
   2. The equivalence point is being approached.
   3. The solution is becoming buffered.
   4. The temperature is changing rapidly.
6. In a titration of a weak base with a strong acid, is the pH at the equivalence point acidic, basic, or neutral?
   1. Acidic
   2. Basic
   3. Neutral
   4. Impossible to determine
7. Which of the following is true regarding the selection of an indicator for an acid-base titration?
   1. The indicator should change color at pH 7.
   2. The indicator's color change should occur within the sharp pH change region of the titration curve.
   3. The indicator should be a strong acid or base.
   4. The indicator is not important as long as a pH meter is used.