AP Chemistry multiple choice questions on mixture separation methods.

📚 Quick Study Guide

• 🌡️Distillation: Separates liquids with different boiling points. The liquid with the lower boiling point evaporates first, is collected, and then condenses back into a liquid.
• 🌀Filtration: Separates solids from liquids using a filter medium that allows the liquid to pass through but retains the solid particles. Think coffee filter!
• 🧲Magnetism: Separates magnetic substances from non-magnetic substances using a magnet. For example, separating iron filings from sand.
• 🌈Chromatography: Separates substances based on their different affinities for a stationary phase and a mobile phase. Different types include paper, thin-layer, and column chromatography.
• 💧Evaporation: Separates a soluble solid from a liquid by heating the solution, causing the liquid to evaporate and leave the solid behind. Think salt from saltwater.
• ✨Decantation: Separates a solid from a liquid by carefully pouring the liquid off the top, leaving the solid behind. Works best with settled, dense solids.
• 🧱Centrifugation: Separates components of a mixture based on their density by using centrifugal force. Denser components move away from the axis of rotation.

🧪 Practice Quiz

1. Which method is best for separating iron filings from sand?
   1. Filtration
   2. Distillation
   3. Magnetism
   4. Chromatography
2. Which method is used to separate alcohol from water?
   1. Evaporation
   2. Distillation
   3. Filtration
   4. Decantation
3. What separation technique relies on differences in boiling points?
   1. Chromatography
   2. Filtration
   3. Distillation
   4. Evaporation
4. Which method would you use to separate salt from saltwater?
   1. Filtration
   2. Evaporation
   3. Distillation
   4. Decantation
5. Which technique separates components based on their different affinities for a stationary and mobile phase?
   1. Distillation
   2. Filtration
   3. Chromatography
   4. Evaporation
6. What method involves pouring a liquid off the top of a settled solid?
   1. Distillation
   2. Decantation
   3. Filtration
   4. Evaporation
7. Which separation technique uses centrifugal force to separate components based on density?
   1. Distillation
   2. Filtration
   3. Centrifugation
   4. Evaporation