Common Examples of Carbohydrates in Daily Life

📚 Quick Study Guide

• 🌾 Definition: Carbohydrates are organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, often with a hydrogen-oxygen ratio of 2:1 ($C_n(H_2O)_n$).
• 🍬 Simple Sugars (Monosaccharides): Glucose, fructose, and galactose are common examples.
• 🍫 Disaccharides: Sucrose (table sugar), lactose (milk sugar), and maltose are formed from two monosaccharides.
• 🥔 Polysaccharides: Starch, cellulose, and glycogen are complex carbohydrates made of many monosaccharides.
• 🍎 Dietary Sources: Grains, fruits, vegetables, and dairy products are major sources of carbohydrates.
• 💡 Functions: Carbohydrates provide energy, store energy, and form structural components in living organisms.

Practice Quiz

1. Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
   1. A) Sucrose
   2. B) Starch
   3. C) Glucose
   4. D) Cellulose
2. What disaccharide is commonly found in milk?
   1. A) Maltose
   2. B) Sucrose
   3. C) Lactose
   4. D) Fructose
3. Which polysaccharide is the primary storage form of glucose in plants?
   1. A) Glycogen
   2. B) Cellulose
   3. C) Starch
   4. D) Chitin
4. Table sugar is composed of which two monosaccharides?
   1. A) Glucose and Galactose
   2. B) Glucose and Fructose
   3. C) Fructose and Galactose
   4. D) Glucose and Glucose
5. Which of the following is a major source of carbohydrates in the diet?
   1. A) Meat
   2. B) Eggs
   3. C) Vegetables
   4. D) Oils
6. What is the main function of carbohydrates in the body?
   1. A) Building muscle
   2. B) Providing energy
   3. C) Transporting oxygen
   4. D) Insulating organs
7. Which polysaccharide provides structural support in plant cell walls?
   1. A) Starch
   2. B) Glycogen
   3. C) Cellulose
   4. D) Chitin