Chromatin and chromosomes are essential components of the cell nucleus. Chromatin is the complex of DNA and proteins that make up chromosomes. During cell division, chromatin condenses into tightly packed structures called chromosomes, ensuring accurate segregation of genetic material to daughter cells. Understanding their structure and function is crucial for comprehending genetics and cell biology.
Match the terms with their definitions:
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. Chromatin | A. Condensed form of DNA during cell division |
| 2. Chromosome | B. Basic unit of DNA packaging |
| 3. Histone | C. Complex of DNA and proteins in the nucleus |
| 4. Nucleosome | D. A display of chromosome pairs of a cell arranged by size and shape. |
| 5. Karyotype | E. Protein around which DNA is wrapped |
Answers:
Fill in the missing words in the following paragraph:
During cell division, _________ condenses to form _________. These structures ensure that each daughter cell receives the correct number of _________. The building blocks of chromatin are _________, which consist of DNA wrapped around _________ proteins.
Answers:
Explain the importance of chromatin remodeling in gene expression. How does the structure of chromatin affect whether a gene is transcribed or not?
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