RNA interference (RNAi) is a natural process in cells that uses small RNA molecules to silence or reduce the expression of specific genes. Think of it like a cellular volume control knob! It's a powerful tool for studying gene function and is being explored for potential therapeutic applications. These small RNAs, like siRNA and miRNA, bind to messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules, preventing them from being translated into proteins or causing them to be degraded.
Match the terms with their definitions:
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. siRNA | A. A small RNA molecule that binds to mRNA to block translation. |
| 2. miRNA | B. The process of silencing gene expression using RNA molecules. |
| 3. RNAi | C. A double-stranded RNA molecule used to trigger gene silencing. |
| 4. Dicer | D. Protein complex that cleaves dsRNA into smaller fragments. |
| 5. RISC | E. RNA-induced silencing complex. |
(Answers: 1-C, 2-A, 3-B, 4-D, 5-E)
RNAi is a process where ________ molecules interfere with gene expression, leading to ________ of specific genes. This is often initiated by introducing ________ RNAs into the cell, which are then processed by the enzyme ________. The resulting small RNA fragments are loaded into the ________ complex, which targets mRNA molecules complementary to the small RNA sequence.
(Answers: RNA, silencing, double-stranded, Dicer, RISC)
How might RNAi be used in the development of new therapies for genetic diseases? Provide a specific example.
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