Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) is a persistent strengthening of synapses based on recent patterns of activity. These are patterns of synaptic activity that produce a long-lasting increase in signal transmission between two neurons. It is an important process for learning and memory. Essentially, if two neurons fire together repeatedly, the connection between them gets stronger. Think of it like practicing a skill – the more you do it, the better you become!
Match the terms with their definitions:
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. AMPA Receptor | A. A receptor that is normally blocked by a magnesium ion ($Mg^{2+}$) |
| 2. NMDA Receptor | B. The main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. |
| 3. Glutamate | C. A receptor that opens a sodium channel when glutamate binds. |
| 4. Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) | D. The insertion of more AMPA receptors into the postsynaptic membrane |
| 5. Synaptic Plasticity | E. A long-lasting strengthening of the connection between two neurons. |
Match the letters to the correct number. Example: 1. __
Complete the following paragraph using the words: calcium, synapse, postsynaptic, presynaptic, receptors.
LTP involves changes at the _________. When a ________ neuron releases glutamate, it binds to AMPA and NMDA ________ on the _________ neuron. If the __________ neuron is sufficiently depolarized, the magnesium block is removed from the NMDA receptor, allowing __________ to enter the cell.
Why is Long-Term Potentiation considered to be a critical mechanism for learning and memory? Explain your answer in detail.
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