Muscle fatigue is that familiar feeling of exhaustion in your muscles after physical activity. It happens when your muscles can't contract as strongly or as often as needed. Several factors contribute to it, including the depletion of energy stores like glycogen, the buildup of metabolic byproducts like lactic acid, and the failure of nerve signals to properly stimulate muscle contraction. Understanding muscle fatigue is key to optimizing training and preventing injuries.
Match the following terms with their correct definitions:
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. Glycogen | A. A metabolic byproduct that contributes to muscle acidity. |
| 2. Lactic Acid | B. The neurotransmitter that signals muscle contraction. |
| 3. ATP | C. The primary energy currency of the cell. |
| 4. Neurotransmitter | D. Stored form of glucose in muscles and liver. |
| 5. Electrolytes | E. Minerals that help regulate nerve and muscle function. |
Answer Key:
1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B, 5-E
Complete the following paragraph with the correct terms:
During intense exercise, muscles rely on __________(1) for energy. As exercise continues, the buildup of __________(2) can lead to a burning sensation. Maintaining proper hydration and __________(3) balance is crucial to prevent muscle cramps. The nervous system's ability to transmit signals efficiently depends on __________(4) and the availability of __________(5).
Word Bank: ATP, Lactic Acid, Electrolytes, Neurotransmitters, Oxygen
Answer Key:
1-ATP, 2-Lactic Acid, 3-Electrolytes, 4-Neurotransmitters, 5-Oxygen
Explain how proper warm-up and cool-down routines can help reduce muscle fatigue and prevent injuries. Provide specific examples.
Sample Answer:
Proper warm-up routines prepare the muscles for exercise by increasing blood flow and flexibility, which reduces the risk of injury and fatigue. For example, dynamic stretching such as arm circles and leg swings can improve range of motion. Cool-down routines help remove metabolic waste products like lactic acid and gradually return the heart rate to normal. Static stretches, such as holding a hamstring stretch, can improve flexibility and reduce muscle soreness.
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