AP Biology Questions on Lung Capacity

🫁 Quick Study Guide

• 📏 Tidal Volume (TV): 💨 The volume of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing. Usually around 500 mL.
• ⬆️ Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV): 😮‍💨 The extra volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal tidal volume. Typically 3000-3300 mL.
• ⬇️ Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV): 😫 The extra volume of air that can be exhaled after a normal tidal volume. Generally 1000-1200 mL.
• ↔️ Residual Volume (RV): 🌬️ The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation. About 1200 mL, prevents lung collapse.
• 💪 Vital Capacity (VC): The total volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation. Calculated as $VC = TV + IRV + ERV$.
• 💯 Total Lung Capacity (TLC): The maximum volume of air the lungs can hold. Calculated as $TLC = VC + RV = TV + IRV + ERV + RV$.
• 📉 Factors Affecting Lung Capacity: 🧬 Genetics, age, sex, body size, respiratory muscle strength, and disease.

🧪 Practice Quiz

1. Which of the following represents the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing?
   1. Tidal Volume
   2. Inspiratory Reserve Volume
   3. Expiratory Reserve Volume
   4. Residual Volume
2. What is the calculation for Vital Capacity (VC)?
   1. $VC = TLC + RV$
   2. $VC = TV + IRV + ERV$
   3. $VC = RV + ERV$
   4. $VC = TLC - RV$
3. The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation is known as:
   1. Tidal Volume
   2. Vital Capacity
   3. Residual Volume
   4. Inspiratory Reserve Volume
4. What does Total Lung Capacity (TLC) represent?
   1. The volume of air during normal breathing.
   2. The maximum volume of air the lungs can hold.
   3. The extra air inhaled after normal breathing.
   4. The air left after normal exhalation.
5. Which of the following factors can affect lung capacity?
   1. Genetics
   2. Age
   3. Body Size
   4. All of the above
6. What volume of air can be additionally inhaled after a normal inhalation?
   1. Expiratory Reserve Volume
   2. Residual Volume
   3. Inspiratory Reserve Volume
   4. Tidal Volume
7. Which volume helps prevent the lungs from collapsing?
   1. Tidal Volume
   2. Vital Capacity
   3. Residual Volume
   4. Expiratory Reserve Volume