Vacuoles are membrane-bound organelles found in plant and animal cells. They act like storage bubbles, holding water, ions, nutrients, and even waste products. In plant cells, a large central vacuole helps maintain turgor pressure, providing structural support. In animal cells, vacuoles are generally smaller and more numerous, often involved in endocytosis and exocytosis.
Match each term with its correct definition:
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. Turgor Pressure | A. The process of expelling substances from a cell |
| 2. Central Vacuole | B. The pressure exerted by the cell's contents against the cell wall |
| 3. Endocytosis | C. A large vacuole found in plant cells, responsible for maintaining cell rigidity. |
| 4. Exocytosis | D. The process by which cells ingest external substances |
| 5. Tonoplast | E. The membrane surrounding the vacuole in a plant cell. |
Vacuoles are essential for maintaining cellular ________ (1) and ________ (2). In plant cells, the ________ (3) stores water and nutrients, contributing to ________ (4) pressure, which helps the plant stand upright. Animal cells have smaller vacuoles involved in ________ (5) and waste removal.
Explain how the function of vacuoles differs between plant and animal cells, and why these differences are important for the overall survival of the organism.
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