๐ Topic Summary
The Industrial Revolution, starting in Britain in the late 1700s, marked a significant shift from agrarian economies to those dominated by machine manufacturing. Its origins can be traced to factors like abundant natural resources, a stable political climate, and technological innovations. The diffusion of the Industrial Revolution involved the spread of these technologies and industrial practices to other parts of Europe, North America, and eventually the rest of the world, transforming societies and economies along the way.
๐ Part A: Vocabulary
Match the terms with their definitions:
| Term |
Definition |
| 1. Industrial Revolution |
A. The process of spread of an idea or innovation from its source. |
| 2. Diffusion |
B. The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes. |
| 3. Technology |
C. The rapid development of industry brought about by the introduction of machinery. |
| 4. Urbanization |
D. A policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, use of military force, or other means. |
| 5. Imperialism |
E. The process where an increasing proportion of a population lives in cities or urban centres. |
Answers:
1-C, 2-A, 3-B, 4-E, 5-D
โ๏ธ Part B: Fill in the Blanks
Complete the following paragraph using the words provided: Britain, steam engine, textiles, coal, factories.
The Industrial Revolution began in __________. One of the key inventions was the __________, which powered many new machines. Early industries focused on __________ production. __________ became a crucial resource for powering these machines, leading to the growth of __________ in urban areas.
Answer: Britain, steam engine, textiles, coal, factories
๐ค Part C: Critical Thinking
How did the Industrial Revolution contribute to both globalization and increased inequality? Explain with examples.