AP Human Geography Quiz: Universalizing vs. Ethnic Religions

📚 Quick Study Guide

• 🌍 Universalizing Religions: Seek converts globally. Examples: Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Sikhism.
• ⛪️ Christianity: Originated in the Middle East; spread through hierarchical and contagious diffusion.
• 🕌 Islam: Originated in Mecca; spread rapidly through military conquest and trade.
• ☸️ Buddhism: Originated in India; spread through missionaries and trade routes.
• 👳 Sikhism: Originated in Punjab, India, emphasizing equality and service.
• 🏞️ Ethnic Religions: Generally tied to a specific location or culture; do not actively seek converts. Examples: Hinduism, Judaism, Shintoism.
• 🇮🇳 Hinduism: Originated in the Indus Valley; strongly associated with the caste system.
• ✡️ Judaism: Originated in the Middle East; diaspora has spread adherents worldwide.
• ⛩️ Shintoism: Indigenous to Japan; focuses on nature and ancestor worship.
• 🧭 Key Difference: Universalizing religions try to be universal (global reach); ethnic religions stay close to a particular ethnic group.

Practice Quiz

1. Which of the following is a universalizing religion?
   1. Hinduism
   2. Judaism
   3. Christianity
   4. Shintoism
2. A religion that is primarily practiced by one ethnic group in one region is best classified as a(n):
   1. Universalizing religion
   2. Ethnic religion
   3. Branch
   4. Denomination
3. Which religion's diffusion is MOST associated with missionaries?
   1. Islam
   2. Judaism
   3. Hinduism
   4. Buddhism
4. The concept of the 'diaspora' is MOST relevant to the historical spread of which religion?
   1. Christianity
   2. Judaism
   3. Islam
   4. Buddhism
5. Which of the following religions is considered an ethnic religion with strong ties to Japan?
   1. Christianity
   2. Islam
   3. Shintoism
   4. Sikhism
6. The rapid spread of Islam in the 7th and 8th centuries was primarily due to:
   1. Missionary activity
   2. Hierarchical diffusion
   3. Military conquest and trade
   4. Relocation diffusion
7. Which of the following religions originated in India?
   1. Judaism and Christianity
   2. Islam and Shintoism
   3. Hinduism and Buddhism
   4. Christianity and Buddhism