Definition of Hubris with Examples from Ancient Greek Literature

📚 Quick Study Guide

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• Definition: Hubris is excessive pride or self-confidence that leads a protagonist to disregard a divine warning or to violate an important moral law. It is often considered a fatal flaw.
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• Origin: Rooted in Ancient Greek tragedies and mythology, hubris was often a central theme explored by playwrights like Sophocles and Euripides.
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• Consequences: Hubris often results in the downfall or nemesis of the character. This punishment is usually inflicted by the gods or fate.
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• Examples: Common examples include characters who believe they are equal to or greater than the gods, or those who ignore prophecies and warnings.
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• Key Themes: Hubris explores themes of morality, divine justice, fate versus free will, and the limitations of human power and knowledge.

Practice Quiz

1. Which of the following BEST defines hubris in Ancient Greek literature?
   1. A) Excessive humility and self-deprecation.
   2. B) Extreme wealth and material possessions.
   3. C) Excessive pride and self-confidence leading to downfall.
   4. D) Unwavering loyalty and devotion to the gods.
2. In Greek tragedies, hubris often leads to what outcome for the protagonist?
   1. A) Immortality and eternal glory.
   2. B) Increased power and influence.
   3. C) Downfall and punishment.
   4. D) Redemption and forgiveness.
3. Which of these characters is MOST often associated with exhibiting hubris?
   1. A) Penelope from *The Odyssey*.
   2. B) Oedipus from *Oedipus Rex*.
   3. C) Antigone from *Antigone*.
   4. D) Socrates from Plato's dialogues.
4. What is a common consequence of hubris as depicted in Greek mythology?
   1. A) Divine reward and blessings.
   2. B) Increased popularity among mortals.
   3. C) Punishment from the gods.
   4. D) Forgiveness from enemies.
5. Hubris is closely related to which of the following themes in Greek tragedies?
   1. A) The power of love and compassion.
   2. B) The conflict between fate and free will.
   3. C) The importance of social harmony.
   4. D) The benefits of moderation and balance.
6. Which of the following actions might be considered an example of hubris?
   1. A) Praying to the gods for guidance.
   2. B) Ignoring a prophecy and acting against it.
   3. C) Seeking advice from wise elders.
   4. D) Showing respect for established laws.
7. The concept of hubris is LEAST likely to explore themes related to:
   1. A) Morality.
   2. B) Divine Justice.
   3. C) The limitations of human knowledge.
   4. D) The benefits of teamwork and collaboration.