Judicial Review AP Gov Quiz: Test Your Knowledge of Unit 1

📚 Quick Study Guide

• ⚖️ Judicial Review: The power of the Supreme Court to declare laws or executive actions unconstitutional.
• 📜 Marbury v. Madison (1803): Established the principle of judicial review. This case arose when William Marbury petitioned the Supreme Court to force Secretary of State James Madison to deliver his commission.
• 🏛️ Checks and Balances: Judicial review is a key part of the system of checks and balances, ensuring no one branch of government becomes too powerful.
• 🔍 Constitutional Interpretation: The Supreme Court interprets the Constitution when exercising judicial review. Different approaches to interpretation (e.g., originalism, living constitutionalism) can lead to different outcomes.
• 💡 Impact: Judicial review significantly shapes public policy and the balance of power between the federal government and the states.

Practice Quiz

1. Which Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review?
   1. A. McCulloch v. Maryland
   2. B. Gibbons v. Ogden
   3. C. Marbury v. Madison
   4. D. Plessy v. Ferguson
2. What is the primary function of judicial review?
   1. A. To create new laws.
   2. B. To enforce existing laws.
   3. C. To interpret and apply the Constitution.
   4. D. To negotiate treaties with foreign countries.
3. Judicial review is an example of which principle of government?
   1. A. Federalism
   2. B. Separation of Powers
   3. C. Checks and Balances
   4. D. Popular Sovereignty
4. Which branch of the U.S. government is primarily responsible for exercising judicial review?
   1. A. The Presidency
   2. B. The Congress
   3. C. The Supreme Court
   4. D. The State Governors
5. What is a potential consequence of the Supreme Court declaring a law unconstitutional?
   1. A. The law is immediately rewritten by Congress.
   2. B. The law is no longer enforceable.
   3. C. The President can veto the Court's decision.
   4. D. The law is sent to the states for ratification.
6. Which of the following is NOT a limitation on judicial review?
   1. A. The Court can only rule on cases that are brought before it.
   2. B. The Court can overturn any law it dislikes.
   3. C. The Court's decisions can be influenced by public opinion.
   4. D. The Court must follow precedent.
7. What is the significance of "originalism" in the context of judicial review?
   1. A. It prioritizes the current needs of society over historical context.
   2. B. It emphasizes interpreting the Constitution based on the framers' original intent.
   3. C. It allows judges to create new constitutional rights.
   4. D. It focuses solely on the literal text of the Constitution, ignoring historical context.