Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment. It explores the complex relationships within ecosystems, examining factors like energy flow, nutrient cycles, and population dynamics. Understanding ecology is crucial for addressing environmental challenges and promoting sustainable practices.
Match the following terms with their correct definitions:
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. Ecosystem | A. The role and position a species has in its environment; how it meets its needs for food and shelter, how it survives, and how it reproduces. |
| 2. Habitat | B. A group of interacting populations of different species living in the same area. |
| 3. Niche | C. A community of living organisms (plants, animals, and microbes) interacting with each other and their physical environment. |
| 4. Community | D. The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism. |
| 5. Population | E. A group of individuals of the same species living and interbreeding within a given area. |
(Match the numbers to the letters!)
Complete the following paragraph using the words: producers, consumers, decomposers, energy, and nutrients.
In an ecosystem, ___________, like plants, capture sunlight and convert it into chemical ___________. ___________ obtain energy by feeding on other organisms. Finally, ___________ break down dead organisms, returning __________ to the soil.
Describe how human activities can impact an ecosystem. Provide specific examples of positive and negative impacts, and explain potential solutions for mitigating the negative effects.
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