AP Environmental Science: Carbon Capture and Storage Quiz - Test Your Knowledge

📚 Quick Study Guide

• 🌍 Carbon Capture: Capturing CO2 emissions from sources like power plants or directly from the atmosphere.
• 🧊 Carbon Storage (Sequestration): Storing captured CO2 in underground geological formations, oceans, or through mineral carbonation.
• 🏭 CCS Technologies: Include pre-combustion capture, post-combustion capture, and oxy-fuel combustion.
• 💰 Economic Considerations: The cost of CCS is a significant barrier to widespread adoption.
• 🌱 Environmental Impacts: Potential risks include leakage from storage sites and energy requirements for capture and compression.
• ⚖️ Geological Storage: Injecting CO2 into deep, porous rock formations, often with impermeable caprock to prevent leakage.
• 🌊 Ocean Storage: Direct injection of CO2 into the deep ocean (controversial due to potential ecological impacts).
• ⛏️ Mineral Carbonation: Reacting CO2 with minerals to form stable carbonates (e.g., magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate).
• 📜 Kyoto Protocol & Paris Agreement: International agreements recognizing CCS as a potential mitigation strategy.

🧪 Practice Quiz

1. Which of the following is NOT a primary method of carbon capture?
   1. Pre-combustion capture
   2. Post-combustion capture
   3. Oxy-fuel combustion
   4. Atmospheric venting
2. What is the main purpose of carbon capture and storage (CCS)?
   1. To increase fossil fuel consumption
   2. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions
   3. To enhance industrial waste production
   4. To promote deforestation
3. Which geological formation is commonly used for storing captured CO2?
   1. Volcanic craters
   2. Deep saline aquifers
   3. Glacial ice
   4. Surface lakes
4. What is a major economic challenge associated with CCS technology?
   1. Low operational costs
   2. High capital investment
   3. Minimal energy consumption
   4. Abundant availability of storage sites
5. What is a potential environmental risk associated with geological carbon storage?
   1. Increased biodiversity
   2. CO2 leakage from storage sites
   3. Decreased seismic activity
   4. Improved air quality
6. Which process involves reacting CO2 with minerals to form stable carbonates?
   1. Ocean storage
   2. Mineral carbonation
   3. Atmospheric dispersion
   4. Biological sequestration
7. Which international agreement recognizes CCS as a potential climate change mitigation strategy?
   1. Montreal Protocol
   2. Kyoto Protocol
   3. Ramsar Convention
   4. Basel Convention