How to Use Arithmetic Operators in Java with Examples

📚 Quick Study Guide: Java Arithmetic Operators

• ➕ Addition (`+`): Used to sum two operands. Example: `$a + b$`.
• ➖ Subtraction (`-`): Used to find the difference between two operands. Example: `$a - b$`.
• ✖️ Multiplication (`*`): Used to multiply two operands. Example: `$a * b$`.
• ➗ Division (`/`): Divides the first operand by the second. For integers, it performs integer division (truncates decimals). For floating-point types, it yields a precise result. Example: `$a / b$`.
• ➗ Modulus (`%`): Returns the remainder of the division of the first operand by the second. Works for integer and floating-point types. Example: `$a % b$`.
• ⬆️ Increment (`++`): Increases the value of an operand by 1. Can be pre-increment (`++a`) or post-increment (`a++`).
• ⬇️ Decrement (`--`): Decreases the value of an operand by 1. Can be pre-decrement (`--a`) or post-decrement (`a--`).
• ⚖️ Operator Precedence: Multiplication, Division, and Modulus have higher precedence than Addition and Subtraction. Parentheses `()` can be used to override precedence.
• 🔄 Compound Assignment Operators: Combine an arithmetic operator with the assignment operator (e.g., `+=`, `-=`, `*=`, `/=`, `%=`). Example: `$x += 5$` is equivalent to `$x = x + 5$`.
• 💡 Type Promotion: If operands are of different types, Java promotes the smaller type to the larger type before performing the operation (e.g., `int` to `double`) to prevent data loss.

🧠 Practice Quiz: Java Arithmetic Operators

1. What is the result of the following Java expression?

int result = 10 / 3;

• A) 3.33
• B) 3
• C) 4
• D) 3.0

2. Which operator returns the remainder of a division?

• A) /
• B) *
• C) %
• D) -

3. Consider the following code snippet:

int x = 5;

int y = x++;

What are the values of x and y after these operations?

• A) x = 5, y = 5
• B) x = 6, y = 5
• C) x = 5, y = 6
• D) x = 6, y = 6

4. What will be the output of the following Java code?

System.out.println(2 + 3 * 4);

• A) 20
• B) 14
• C) 10
• D) 24

5. Which of the following is equivalent to a = a * b;?

• A) a *= b;
• B) a =* b;
• C) a = b*;
• D) a * b = a;

6. If int num = 15;, what is the value of num % 4;?

• A) 3
• B) 0
• C) 1
• D) 2

7. What is the final value of result?

double d1 = 10.0;

int i1 = 3;

double result = d1 / i1;

• A) 3
• B) 3.0
• C) 3.3333333333333335
• D) 3.33