๐ Understanding Picture Graphs
A picture graph, also known as a pictograph, uses pictures or symbols to represent data. Each picture represents a certain number of items. To find the difference, we compare the number of pictures for different categories.
๐ฏ Learning Objectives
- ๐ Define: ๐ผ๏ธ Understand what a picture graph is and its purpose.
- โ Calculate: ๐ข Learn to interpret the value of each picture in a graph.
- โ Compare: โ๏ธ Find the difference between quantities represented in the graph.
๐งฐ Materials
- graph paper
- pencils
- erasers
- colored pencils (optional)
๐ Warm-up (5 mins)
Activity: Quick review of basic subtraction.
- โ Example 1: ๐ข What is $10 - 4$? (Answer: 6)
- โ Example 2: โ What is $15 - 7$? (Answer: 8)
- ๐ก Example 3: โ What is $20 - 12$? (Answer: 8)
๐ Main Instruction
Step 1: Understanding the Key
The key tells you what each picture represents. For example, if one ๐ represents 2 apples, then three ๐๐๐ represent $3 \times 2 = 6$ apples.
Step 2: Reading the Graph
Count the number of pictures for each category. Multiply that number by the value from the key to find the total.
Step 3: Finding the Difference
Subtract the smaller quantity from the larger quantity to find the difference.
Example:
A picture graph shows the number of sunny and rainy days in a month. Each โ๏ธ represents 3 days and each ๐ง๏ธ represents 3 days.
- โ๏ธ Sunny Days: โ๏ธโ๏ธโ๏ธโ๏ธ (4 sunny symbols)
- ๐ง๏ธ Rainy Days: ๐ง๏ธ๐ง๏ธ (2 rainy symbols)
To find the difference between sunny and rainy days:
- โ๏ธ Sunny Days: $4 \times 3 = 12$ days
- ๐ง๏ธ Rainy Days: $2 \times 3 = 6$ days
Difference: $12 - 6 = 6$ days. There are 6 more sunny days than rainy days.
โ๏ธ Practice Quiz
Solve the following word problems based on picture graphs.
- ๐ Question 1: โ A graph shows fruits sold at a store. Each ๐ represents 5 apples. If there are 6 ๐ for apples and 4 ๐ for oranges, how many more apples were sold than oranges?
- โฝ Question 2: โ A graph shows sports played by students. Each โฝ represents 2 students. If 8 โฝ are for soccer and 5 โฝ are for basketball, how many more students play soccer?
- ๐ Question 3: โ A graph shows books read by children. Each ๐ represents 3 books. If there are 7 ๐ for Sarah and 3 ๐ for Tom, how many more books did Sarah read?
- ๐ฆ Question 4: โ A graph shows ice cream cones sold. Each ๐ฆ represents 4 cones. If 5 ๐ฆ are for vanilla and 2 ๐ฆ are for chocolate, what is the difference in the number of cones sold?
- ๐ด Question 5: โ A graph shows the number of miles biked. Each ๐ด represents 6 miles. If Lisa biked 4 ๐ด and John biked 2 ๐ด, how many more miles did Lisa bike?
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Assessment
Provide students with a picture graph and ask them to find the difference between two categories. For example, a graph showing the number of pets owned by students. Each ๐พ represents one pet. Ask them to find the difference between the number of dogs and cats.