Atoms, the fundamental building blocks of matter, are composed of three primary particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons, which carry a positive charge, and neutrons, which have no charge (neutral), reside in the atom's nucleus. Electrons, which carry a negative charge, orbit the nucleus in specific energy levels or shells. Understanding the arrangement and properties of these particles is crucial to comprehending atomic structure and behavior.
Match each term with its correct definition:
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. Proton | A. Negatively charged particle orbiting the nucleus |
| 2. Neutron | B. Positively charged particle located in the nucleus |
| 3. Electron | C. Particle with no charge located in the nucleus |
| 4. Nucleus | D. The central part of an atom containing protons and neutrons. |
| 5. Atomic Number | E. The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. |
Complete the following paragraph using the words provided: nucleus, electrons, protons, negative, positive, neutrons.
The atom consists of a central core called the __________. Inside this core, you'll find __________ which carry a __________ charge, and __________, which have no charge. Orbiting around the nucleus are __________, which carry a __________ charge.
Explain how the number of protons in an atom determines its identity and how isotopes of the same element can exist.
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