🧪 Topic Summary
The Ideal Gas Law is a fundamental equation in chemistry that describes the state of a gas under certain conditions. It relates pressure ($P$), volume ($V$), number of moles ($n$), ideal gas constant ($R$), and temperature ($T$) using the equation: $PV = nRT$. Understanding this law allows us to predict how gases will behave in different situations.
When tackling ideal gas law problems, always remember to use consistent units. Pressure is often in atmospheres (atm) or Pascals (Pa), volume in liters (L), $n$ in moles (mol), $R = 0.0821 \frac{L \cdot atm}{mol \cdot K}$ or $8.314 \frac{J}{mol \cdot K}$, and temperature in Kelvin (K). Don't forget to convert Celsius to Kelvin by adding 273.15!
🗂️ Part A: Vocabulary
Match the term with its correct definition:
| Term |
Definition |
| 1. Pressure |
A. The amount of space a gas occupies |
| 2. Volume |
B. A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a gas |
| 3. Temperature |
C. The force exerted per unit area by the gas |
| 4. Moles |
D. A constant that relates the energy scale to the temperature scale |
| 5. Ideal Gas Constant |
E. The amount of substance in a gas |
✍️ Part B: Fill in the Blanks
The Ideal Gas Law is represented by the equation $PV = nRT$, where $P$ stands for __________, $V$ stands for __________, $n$ represents the number of __________, $R$ is the __________ and $T$ is __________. Always make sure your temperature is in __________ before doing any calculations!
🤔 Part C: Critical Thinking
Explain how the Ideal Gas Law can be used to determine the molar mass of an unknown gas. Provide a step-by-step process.