Enzymes are biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions within living organisms. Their activity is influenced by several factors, including temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, and the presence of inhibitors or activators. Understanding these factors is crucial for comprehending enzyme function in biological systems.
Match the terms with their definitions:
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. Enzyme | A. A substance that reduces enzyme activity |
| 2. Substrate | B. The optimal pH range for an enzyme to function |
| 3. Inhibitor | C. A protein that speeds up chemical reactions |
| 4. Optimum Temperature | D. The molecule upon which an enzyme acts |
| 5. Optimum pH | E. The ideal temperature for maximum enzyme activity |
Answers: 1-C, 2-D, 3-A, 4-E, 5-B
Enzyme activity is highly sensitive to changes in its environment. For example, increasing the __________ generally increases the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, up to a point. Beyond this point, the enzyme can __________, losing its structure and function. Similarly, each enzyme has an __________ at which it functions most efficiently. Substances that decrease enzyme activity are called __________, while those that increase activity are known as __________.
Word Bank: activators, temperature, denature, optimum pH, inhibitors
Answers: temperature, denature, optimum pH, inhibitors, activators
Explain how feedback inhibition regulates enzyme activity in metabolic pathways. Provide a specific example.
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