ecology and ecosystems quiz grade 7

📚 Quick Study Guide

• 🌱 Ecology: The study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment.
• 🤝 Ecosystem: A community of living organisms (biotic factors) interacting with each other and their non-living environment (abiotic factors).
• ☀️ Abiotic Factors: Non-living components like sunlight, water, temperature, and soil.
• 🐛 Biotic Factors: Living components like plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria.
• ⛓️ Food Chain: A linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another. Example: Grass $\rightarrow$ Grasshopper $\rightarrow$ Frog $\rightarrow$ Snake.
• 🕸️ Food Web: Interconnected food chains showing the complex feeding relationships in an ecosystem.
• ♻️ Decomposers: Organisms like bacteria and fungi that break down dead plants and animals, returning nutrients to the soil.
• 🏠 Habitat: The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism.
• 🌡️ Niche: The role and position a species has in its environment; how it meets its needs for food and shelter, how it survives, and how it reproduces.

🧪 Practice Quiz

1. Which of the following is the BEST definition of ecology?
   1. A. The study of the atmosphere.
   2. B. The study of interactions between organisms and their environment.
   3. C. The study of rocks and minerals.
   4. D. The study of cells.
2. Which of the following is an example of an abiotic factor?
   1. A. A bird
   2. B. A tree
   3. C. Sunlight
   4. D. A bacterium
3. What is a food chain?
   1. A. A group of interconnected ecosystems.
   2. B. A linear sequence showing how organisms eat each other.
   3. C. A type of habitat.
   4. D. All the living things in an area.
4. Which organisms are primarily responsible for decomposition?
   1. A. Plants
   2. B. Herbivores
   3. C. Bacteria and fungi
   4. D. Carnivores
5. What term describes the natural home of an organism?
   1. A. Niche
   2. B. Ecosystem
   3. C. Habitat
   4. D. Food Web
6. What does a food web illustrate?
   1. A. A single path of energy transfer.
   2. B. The interdependence of all organisms in an ecosystem.
   3. C. Only the flow of water.
   4. D. The climate of a region.
7. In a food chain, grass $\rightarrow$ grasshopper $\rightarrow$ frog $\rightarrow$ snake, which organism is the primary consumer?
   1. A. Grass
   2. B. Grasshopper
   3. C. Frog
   4. D. Snake